Umayyad Dirham (Minted in Arminiya, 98 AH) – Reign of Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
<p>Armenia affirms its presence in the monetary record, confirming its established role as a military capital and strategic frontier at the empire's northern edge.</p><p>This dirham was struck in 98 AH to support the rising costs of the northern front, sustaining regular monetary coverage under Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik.</p><p>This continuous sequence forms a complete monetary archive, illustrating the scale of Umayyad reliance on minting to fund frontier operations.</p>
98 AH