Umayyad Dirham (Minted in Arran, 90 AH) – Reign of al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
<p>Arran stretches between the Kur and Aras rivers in the South Caucasus, a historic meeting point of Persian, Armenian, and Eastern Christian influence before the Islamic conquest.</p><p>The province's mint struck this dirham in 90 AH, under Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik, documenting the caliphate's direct reach into the Caucasus highlands.</p><p>It is a rare record of the administration's reach in securing newly absorbed frontier regions, drawing on local resources to strike legitimate coinage at the far edges of the Islamic world.</p>
90 AH